Instruction for Authors

JSTI Manuscript Formatting Guidelines v1.0

Journal of Scientific and Technological Innovation

Version: v1.0
Applicable to: High school students, university students, faculty advisors, and research teams
Accepted manuscript types: Research Article / Project Report / Innovation Brief

1. Aims and Scope

The Journal of Scientific and Technological Innovation (JSTI) is dedicated to providing a formal, public, and academically oriented publication platform for young researchers. The journal encourages high school and university students to transform their science fair projects, research studies, inventions, engineering work, AI applications, interdisciplinary investigations, and competition-based achievements into well-structured academic manuscripts.

JSTI adopts the general logic and organization of international scholarly journals while adapting its format to better suit student research and innovation projects. The journal aims to balance academic rigor, readability, and educational value.

2. Eligible Contributors

JSTI welcomes submissions from:

High school students
University students
Student authors working jointly with faculty advisors or mentors
School-based or independent teams with research, invention, design, implementation, or interdisciplinary outcomes

Submissions may include, but are not limited to, the following categories:

Science fair projects
Research-based capstone or academic projects
Inventions and prototype development
Engineering and technology implementation
AI, programming, and system development projects
Design competition, innovation competition, or academic competition outcomes
Interdisciplinary studies related to science, technology, education, environment, or society

3. Manuscript Categories

3.1 Research Article

This category is intended for manuscripts with a complete research structure, including a clear research question, methodology, results, analysis, and conclusion.
Suitable for experimental studies, quantitative or qualitative analysis, model development, scientific inquiry, and interdisciplinary academic research.

3.2 Project Report

This category is intended for manuscripts centered on projects, engineering practice, implementation, system development, or design validation.
Suitable for science fair entries, engineering projects, applied design, product prototypes, technical integration, and project-based innovation outcomes.

3.3 Innovation Brief

This category is intended for shorter manuscripts presenting innovative ideas, pilot results, early-stage prototypes, or proof-of-concept work.
Suitable for invention concepts, preliminary testing outcomes, design validations, and concise competition-based submissions.

4. Language of Submission

The primary language of submission is English.

Chinese-language submissions may be accepted only for special issues, themed calls, or publication projects specifically announced by the editorial office.

5. File Format and General Layout

Authors should prepare manuscripts according to the following format:

File format: Word .docx
Paper size: A4
Font: Times New Roman or Arial
Font size: 12 pt
Line spacing: 1.5
Margins: 2.54 cm on all sides
Alignment: Justified
Page numbers: Insert in the footer
File naming format: JSTI_ManuscriptType_FirstAuthorName_SubmissionDate

6. Recommended Word Count

Research Article

Recommended length: 3,000–5,000 words

Project Report

Recommended length: 2,000–4,000 words

Innovation Brief

Recommended length: 1,200–2,500 words

These word counts exclude references, figure captions, tables, and appendices. Manuscripts that exceed the suggested range may still be considered if they demonstrate strong completeness and publication value.

7. Recommended Number of Figures and Tables

Research Article

Recommended: 3–6 figures and/or tables

Project Report

Recommended: 3–8 figures and/or tables

Innovation Brief

Recommended: 1–3 figures and/or tables

Figures and tables should be relevant, legible, and clearly connected to the main text.

8. Manuscript Structure

All manuscripts should generally include the following components:

8.1 Title

The title should be specific, concise, and accurately reflect the research topic, project outcome, design focus, or core finding.

8.2 Author Information

List all authors in the order of their actual contribution.

8.3 Affiliation

Provide each author's school, department, grade level, or research affiliation.

8.4 Corresponding Author

Indicate the name and email address of the corresponding author.

8.5 Abstract

The abstract should be 150–250 words and briefly describe:

The background or research problem
The method, process, or design approach
The main results or project performance
The conclusion, significance, or practical value

8.6 Keywords

Provide 3–6 keywords.

8.7 Introduction

Explain the background, motivation, research purpose, and importance of the topic.

8.8 Methods / Design Process

Describe the research methods, design procedures, experimental setup, data collection process, system development stages, or model construction approach.

8.9 Results

Present the findings, testing outcomes, data analysis, model performance, project effectiveness, or observations.

8.10 Discussion

Interpret the meaning of the results, discuss limitations, possible explanations, areas for improvement, and the broader value of the work.

8.11 Conclusion

Summarize the major findings, contributions, applications, and possible future directions.

8.12 References

List all cited sources in the journal's required format.

8.13 Acknowledgments

Authors may acknowledge advisors, collaborators, technical assistance, institutional support, or other contributions here.

8.14 Funding / Conflict of Interest / Ethics Statement

If applicable, authors must disclose funding support, conflicts of interest, human or animal research, surveys, or personal data usage.

8.15 Figures and Tables

All figures and tables must be numbered and accompanied by titles or captions.

8.16 Supplementary Materials

Appendices, raw data, source code, design drawings, additional tests, or other supporting materials may be submitted as supplementary files.

9. Title Page Format

The first page of the manuscript should include:

Manuscript title
Author name(s)
School name
Department, class, or grade level
Advisor's name, if applicable
Corresponding author's name and email address
Manuscript category: Research Article / Project Report / Innovation Brief

10. Abstract Guidelines

The abstract should be written as a single standalone paragraph and should avoid excessive background explanation or overly informal language.

It should allow readers to understand the essence of the manuscript without reading the full paper.

Authors are advised to avoid the following in the abstract:

Undefined abbreviations
Excessive literature citations
Overstated or promotional claims
Conclusions that are inconsistent with the main text

11. Main Text Guidelines

11.1 Clear Structure

The manuscript should have a clear logical structure and organized sections. It should not simply list data or describe outcomes without interpretation.

11.2 Emphasis on Process and Method

JSTI places particular value on how students identify problems, design methods, revise errors, and interpret results. Even if the final outcome is limited, a manuscript may still be valuable if the process is rigorous and the analysis is honest.

11.3 Formal and Objective Language

Authors should avoid overly conversational, emotional, or promotional language. The manuscript should be written in the tone of a formal research paper or technical report.

11.4 Definition of Terms and Abbreviations

Technical terms, discipline-specific terminology, and abbreviations must be written in full when first introduced, followed by the abbreviation in parentheses.
Example: Artificial Intelligence (AI)

12. Figure and Table Requirements

12.1 Numbering

Figures and tables should be numbered separately, for example:

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Table 1
Table 2

12.2 Citation in Text

All figures and tables must be cited in the main text in numerical order.

12.3 Titles and Captions

Each figure and table must include a title or concise explanatory caption.

12.4 Image Quality

All images, screenshots, diagrams, and photographs should be clear and of sufficient resolution.

12.5 Multi-panel Figures

If a figure contains multiple panels, label them clearly as a, b, c, etc.

13. Reference Style

JSTI recommends a numbered reference style.

In-text citation examples

…previous studies have shown that this method is feasible [1].
…similar findings have also been reported elsewhere [2,3].

Reference list examples

[1] Smith J, Lee A. Title of article. Journal Name. 2024;12(3):45–58.
[2] Wang T. Title of book. Publisher; 2023.
[3] Brown K. Title of conference paper. Conference Name; 2025.

Recommended source types

Peer-reviewed journal articles
Published books
Official research reports
Government publications
Official documents from universities, research institutions, or international organizations
Credible technical reports and standards documents

Authors should avoid excessive reliance on unverified, anonymous, or low-credibility online sources.

14. Ethics and Disclosure Statements

If the manuscript involves any of the following, an appropriate statement must be included at the end of the manuscript:

Human participants
Animal experiments
Surveys or questionnaires
Personal data collection or use
External funding support
Commercial collaboration or conflicts of interest

Suggested headings include:

Acknowledgments
Funding Statement
Conflict of Interest Statement
Ethics Statement

15. Co-authorship and Authorship Order

Co-authors should be individuals who made substantial contributions to the research, design, execution, analysis, or writing of the manuscript.

Individuals who only provided general administrative support, access to facilities, or minor advice should normally be acknowledged in the Acknowledgments section rather than listed as co-authors.

The order of authors should be confirmed by the submission team before submission and should not be changed without valid justification.

16. Pre-submission Checklist

Before submission, please confirm that:

The manuscript category has been indicated
The title page is complete
The abstract is included
Keywords are provided
The manuscript structure is complete
All figures and tables are numbered
All figures and tables are cited in the text
All abbreviations are defined at first mention
References follow a consistent format
The author order has been confirmed
Required statements have been included
The manuscript has been proofread for spelling and language

17. Review Principles

JSTI adopts a review approach that combines educational purpose with professional standards. Manuscripts will be evaluated based on the following:

Clarity of topic
Clarity of research or design objective
Appropriateness of methods or process
Specificity of results
Depth of discussion and analysis
Originality or practical value
Completeness of structure
Formality and readability of writing

JSTI welcomes promising work from emerging young researchers. The purpose of review is to improve manuscript quality and help authors move closer to formal academic writing, rather than to reject student work based solely on highly restrictive standards.

18. Submission Materials

In principle, authors should prepare the following materials for submission:

Main manuscript file in Word format
Original figure/table files, if requested by the editorial office
Author information form
Required authorization or declaration forms
Supplementary files, if applicable

19. Final Note

These guidelines constitute the first official version of the JSTI manuscript formatting standards.

The editorial office reserves the right to revise the formatting requirements, submission instructions, and review procedures in accordance with the journal's future development and editorial needs. Please refer to the official website for the most current version.

Science Citation Style

General comments

Author names: Use initials first for all authors, (separated by a space) for given names; spell out family names in full. Use commas (not "and") to separate author names. Do not use punctuation before name suffixes (e.g., Jr., 3rd, III).

Journal articles

Titles of cited articles should be included, followed by a period. Journal titles should be in italics; volume numbers should be in bold. (If there is no volume number, use the publication year in its place.) Do not place a comma before the volume number or before any parentheses. Provide the full page range, with numbers separated by an en dash. If the publication does not have continuous page numbers, use the article number (or citation number) instead of the page range. Indicate the publication year in parentheses. End each listing with a period. Do not use "ibid." or "op. cit."

Examples

1. A. B. Author, C. D. Author, Example article title. Example Journal Name 55, 100–108 (2021).
[with page range]

2. A. B. Author, C. D. Author, Example article title. Example Journal Name 346, e12345 (2022).
[with article number instead of page range]

3. A. B. Author, C. D. Author, Example article title. Example Journal Name 17 (suppl. 1), 62–66 (2020).
[with supplement number]

4. S. Author, M. Author, H. Author, Example article title. Example Journal Name DOI (2022).
[early online publication/epub ahead of print (use DOI instead of volume and page/article numbers)]

Whole books

For edited books, insert the editor name(s), followed by "Ed.," or "Eds.," before the title. Italicize the book title and use "title case" (see examples below). After the title, provide (in parentheses) the publisher name, edition number (if any), and year.

Examples

1. G. Y. Author, Example Book Title (Publisher, 2022).
[basic example]

2. X. Editor, Y. Z. Editor, Q. Editor, Eds., Example Book Title (Publisher, 2021).
[with editors rather than authors]

3. M. Author, T. Author, Example Book Title (Publisher, ed. 3, 2022).
[with edition number]

4. Organization Name, Example Book Title (Organization Name, 2021).
[organization as both author and publisher]

Book chapters

Style is as above (for whole books), except that "in" appears before the title, and the names of the editors appear after the title. The chapter title may be provided before the book title; enclose chapter titles in quotes and use initial caps. After the information in parentheses, provide the complete page number range (and/or chapter number) of the cited material.

Examples

1. A. Author, Z. Author, "Optional: Example chapter title" in Example Book Title (Publisher, 2022), pp. 300–350.
[with chapter title]

2. T. D. Author, U. R. Author, in Example Book Title, F. Editor, Ed. (Publisher, 2021), pp. 37–71.
[with editor]

Books in series

If the book is part of a series, indicate the series title after the book title. The volume number is optional.

Examples

1. A. Author, B. Author, Example Book Title, vol. 5 of Example Series Title (Publisher, 2022).

Technical reports and monographs

The title should be in quotes and should have initial caps. After the title, provide the following in parentheses: report number (if applicable), publisher name, and year. A URL may be provided as well. Monographs in series may be treated as journals.

Examples

1. G. B. Author, "Example report title" (Tech. Rep. ABCD-12-34, Publisher, 2022).
[with report number]

2. F. Author, "Example report title" (Publisher, 2020); URL.
[with URL]

3. "Example report title" (Tech. Rep. 83902, Publisher, 2021).
[no author]

Meetings, conferences, and proceedings

If published, style is same as for book references. If unpublished, include the title of meeting, location, date(s), and sponsoring organization (if not part of the meeting name). Abstracts may be cited by abstract number (if applicable).

Examples

1. A. Author, X. Author, G. Author, in Proceedings of the 2019 Example Conference on Interesting Topic (Publisher, 2022), pp. 6645–6649.
[published]

2. A. Z. Author, "Example conference paper" in Proceedings of the 2021 Example Conference on Interesting Topic (Publisher, 2021), abstr. 875.
[published, paper title and abstract number provided]

3. M. Author, paper presented at the 25th Annual Meeting of Example Organization, Washington, DC, 10 to 13 October 2022.
[unpublished]

Theses

Name the university but not the degree. Name the city if the university could be mistaken for another. It is optional to include the thesis title.

Examples

1. B. Author, thesis, Example University (2021).
[no title]

2. R. Author, "Example title on an interesting topic," thesis, Example University, Washington, DC (2020).
[with title and city]

Preprints

For arXiv, embed the URL in arXiv:identifier, but do not include the word "Preprint." For bioRxiv and others, include "[Preprint]" after the article identifier, and insert the DOI (preferably in URL format) at the end.

Examples

1. J. V. Author, E. Author, D. F. Author, Example preprint title. arXiv:1111.12345 [category] (2021).
[arXiv]

2. D. Z. Author, K. Author, U. Author, M. R. Author, Example preprint title. bioRxiv 0123456 [Preprint] (2020). https://doi.org/10.1101/0123456.
[bioRxiv]

Datasets

List the version number, if applicable. Provide a DOI or other persistent identifier (preferably in URL format).

Example

1. D. Author, Example dataset title, version 1, Example Repository Name (2021); https://doi.org/10.12345/ABC1234567.

Software

Include the version number (if applicable). Provide a DOI (preferably in URL format) or other persistent identifier. If a persistent identifier does not exist, include a URL to where the software exists. If there is an article that describes the software, it should be cited in addition to the software itself. Do not cite the article instead of the software. A consensus guide to citing software, by a working group of multiple publishers, can be found here.

Example

1. A. Author, B. Author, Example software title, version 2, Example Repository Name (2022); https://doi.org/10.12345/ABC000999.

Journal of Scientific and Technological Innovation (JSTI)
Manuscript Formatting Guidelines v1.0

JSTI 投稿格式規範 v1.0

Journal of Scientific and Technological Innovation

版本：v1.0
適用對象：高中生、大學生、指導教師、研究團隊
適用稿件類型：Research Article / Project Report / Innovation Brief

一、期刊宗旨

Journal of Scientific and Technological Innovation（JSTI） 致力於提供青年研究者一個正式、公開且具學術精神的發表平台，鼓勵高中生與大學生將科學展覽、專題研究、發明設計、工程實作、AI 應用、跨領域研究與各類競賽成果整理為具學術結構之文章，讓優秀成果得以被記錄、被閱讀、被引用，並持續延伸其影響力。

JSTI 參考國際學術期刊之編排架構與投稿邏輯，採用正式論文格式，並依學生研究作品之特性進行調整，以兼顧學術性、可讀性與教育價值。

二、投稿對象

本刊歡迎以下作者投稿：

１．高中學生
２．大學生
３．學生與指導教師共同署名之作品
４．具研究、發明、設計、實作或跨域整合成果之校內外團隊

投稿內容可包含但不限於以下類型：

１．科學展覽作品
２．專題研究成果
３．發明與原型設計
４．工程與科技實作
５．AI、程式與系統開發專案
６．設計競賽、創新競賽或學術競賽延伸成果
７．結合科學、技術、教育、環境或社會議題之跨領域研究

三、稿件類型

１．Research Article

適用於具完整研究架構之稿件，須包含明確研究問題、研究方法、結果分析與結論。
適合實驗研究、量化或質性分析、模型建構、科學探究與跨域學術研究。

２．Project Report

適用於以專題、工程、實作、系統開發或設計驗證為核心之稿件。
適合科展作品、工程專題、應用設計、產品原型、技術整合與專案實作成果。

３．Innovation Brief

適用於篇幅較短但具創新性、實驗性或初步成果之稿件。
適合創新構想、初步原型、概念驗證、設計成果摘要與競賽精華整理。

四、投稿語言

本刊以 英文稿件 為主要收稿語言。
如為特別企劃、主題專刊或編輯部另行公告之徵稿項目，得開放中文稿件。

五、檔案格式與基本排版

請投稿者依下列格式準備主稿：

１．檔案格式：Word .docx
２．紙張大小：A4
３．字型：Times New Roman 或 Arial
４．字級：12 pt
５．行距：1.5 倍行高
６．頁邊界：四邊 2.54 cm
７．對齊方式：左右對齊
８．頁碼：請置於頁尾
９．檔名格式：JSTI_稿件類型_第一作者姓名_投稿日期

六、建議字數範圍

Research Article

建議全文 3000–5000 words

Project Report

建議全文 2000–4000 words

Innovation Brief

建議全文 1200–2500 words

以上字數原則不含參考文獻、圖表標題與附錄。若稿件具特殊完整性與出版價值，編輯部得視情況接受超出建議範圍之作品。

七、建議圖表數量

Research Article

建議 3–6 項圖表

Project Report

建議 3–8 項圖表

Innovation Brief

建議 1–3 項圖表

圖表內容應具可讀性、解析度足夠，並與正文內容相互對應。

八、稿件結構

所有稿件原則上應包含以下內容：

１．Title

論文標題應具體、明確，足以反映研究主題、設計成果或核心發現。

２．Author Information

請列出所有作者姓名，並依實際貢獻排序。

３．Affiliation

請列明作者所屬學校、系所、年級或研究單位。

４．Corresponding Author

請註明通訊作者姓名與電子郵件。

５．Abstract

摘要建議為 150–250 字，應簡要說明：

研究背景或問題意識
方法、流程或設計方式
主要結果或作品表現
結論、意義或應用價值

６．Keywords

請提供 3–6 個關鍵字。

７．Introduction

說明研究背景、問題意識、研究目的與主題重要性。

８．Methods / Design Process

說明研究方法、設計流程、實驗架構、資料蒐集方式、系統製作歷程或模型建構方法。

９．Results

呈現研究結果、測試成果、數據分析、模型表現、作品成效或實驗觀察。

１０．Discussion

說明結果所代表之意義、限制、可能原因、改良方向與延伸價值。

１１．Conclusion

整理核心發現、研究貢獻、應用意義與後續發展方向。

１２．References

請列出所有引用文獻，並依本刊格式統一整理。

１３．Acknowledgments

如有指導、協助、技術支援、場地提供或其他致謝事項，可於此段說明。

１４．Funding / Conflict of Interest / Ethics Statement

如有外部經費、利益關係、人體或動物研究、問卷調查、個資蒐集等情形，請於文末加註相關聲明。

１５．Figures and Tables

所有圖表需編號並附標題或說明文字。

１６．Supplementary Materials

若有附錄、原始數據、程式碼、設計圖、測試補充資料或其他補件，可作為補充資料提交。

九、標題頁格式

稿件首頁請提供以下資訊：

１．稿件標題
２．作者姓名
３．學校名稱
４．系所、班級或年級
５．指導教師姓名（如有）
６．通訊作者姓名與電子郵件
７．稿件類型（Research Article / Project Report / Innovation Brief）

十、摘要撰寫原則

摘要應為獨立可讀之段落，避免使用過多背景鋪陳或口語描述。
摘要內容應簡潔呈現研究重點，使讀者無須閱讀全文，即能掌握稿件主旨。

摘要中建議避免：

１．未定義之縮寫
２．大量引用文獻
３．過度誇張之敘述
４．與正文內容不一致之結論

十一、正文撰寫原則

１．內容須具結構性

稿件應有清楚段落安排與邏輯順序，避免僅羅列資料或僅描述成果。

２．重視方法與過程

JSTI 特別重視學生如何提出問題、設計方法、修正錯誤與整理結果，因此即使最終成果仍有限，只要過程扎實、分析誠實，仍具投稿價值。

３．用語應正式客觀

請避免過度口語化、情緒化或宣傳式寫法，應以研究報告或正式技術文件之語氣撰寫。

４．首度出現之術語應完整定義

專有名詞、技術名詞與縮寫第一次出現時，請先寫出全名，再以括號標示縮寫。
例如：Artificial Intelligence (AI)

十二、圖表規範

１．編號方式

圖與表請分別編號，例如：

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Table 1
Table 2

２．文中引用

所有圖表均須於正文中依序引用，不得僅附於文末而未於文中說明。

３．圖表標題

每一圖表均應附標題或簡要說明，使讀者可理解其內容與用途。

４．圖像品質

圖表應清晰可讀，若為截圖、設計圖或照片，請確保解析度足夠，避免模糊。

５．子圖標示

若單一圖中包含多張子圖，請明確標示 a、b、c 等。

十三、參考文獻格式

本刊建議採用 編號制 參考文獻格式。

文中引用範例

……已有研究指出此方法具可行性 [1]。
……相關成果亦可見於先前研究 [2,3]。

文末格式範例

[1] Smith J, Lee A. Title of article. Journal Name. 2024;12(3):45–58.
[2] Wang T. Title of book. Publisher; 2023.
[3] Brown K. Title of conference paper. Conference Name; 2025.

建議引用來源

１．學術期刊論文
２．正式出版書籍
３．官方研究報告
４．政府公開資料
５．大學、研究機構或國際組織官方文件
６．具可信度之技術報告與標準文件

請避免大量引用來源不明、內容未經審核或缺乏可信度之網路資訊。

十四、倫理與聲明

若稿件涉及以下情況，請務必於文末提出說明：

１．人體研究
２．動物實驗
３．問卷調查
４．個人資料使用
５．外部研究經費
６．商業合作或利益關係

建議使用以下標題：

Acknowledgments
Funding Statement
Conflict of Interest Statement
Ethics Statement

十五、共同作者與署名原則

共同作者應為對研究、設計、執行、分析或撰寫具有實質貢獻者。
如僅提供一般性行政支援、場地協助或短期建議，建議於 Acknowledgments 中致謝，無須列為共同作者。

作者排序應由投稿團隊自行確認，投稿後原則上不任意更動。

十六、投稿前檢查清單

投稿前請確認以下事項：

１．稿件類型已標示
２．標題頁資訊完整
３．摘要已完成
４．關鍵字已填寫
５．正文架構完整
６．圖表已依序編號
７．圖表已於文中引用
８．縮寫已於首次出現時定義
９．參考文獻格式一致
１０．作者排序已確認
１１．必要聲明已補齊
１２．全文已完成拼字與語句檢查

十七、審查原則

JSTI 採教育導向與專業兼具之審查方式，重視以下面向：

１．主題是否明確
２．研究或設計目的是否清楚
３．方法與流程是否合理
４．結果是否具體
５．討論是否具分析性
６．內容是否具原創性或實作價值
７．全文結構是否完整
８．表達是否正式且易於理解

本刊鼓勵潛力型作品與青年研究者投稿。審查之目的在於提升稿件品質、協助作者進一步接軌正式學術寫作，而非僅以高門檻標準淘汰學生作品。

十八、投稿資料

投稿時原則上請備妥以下文件：

１．主稿 Word 檔
２．圖表原始檔（如編輯部另行通知）
３．作者基本資料
４．必要之授權文件或聲明文件
５．補充資料檔案（如有）

十九、附註

本規範為 JSTI 投稿格式之第一版。
編輯部得依期刊發展、稿件類型與實務需求，適時修訂格式標準、徵稿說明與審查流程。最新版本請以官網公告為準。

Science Citation Style

General comments

Journal articles

Examples

1. A. B. Author, C. D. Author, Example article title. Example Journal Name 55, 100–108 (2021).
[with page range]

2. A. B. Author, C. D. Author, Example article title. Example Journal Name 346, e12345 (2022).
[with article number instead of page range]

3. A. B. Author, C. D. Author, Example article title. Example Journal Name 17 (suppl. 1), 62–66 (2020).
[with supplement number]

4. S. Author, M. Author, H. Author, Example article title. Example Journal Name DOI (2022).
[early online publication/epub ahead of print (use DOI instead of volume and page/article numbers)]

Whole books

Examples

1. G. Y. Author, Example Book Title (Publisher, 2022).
[basic example]

2. X. Editor, Y. Z. Editor, Q. Editor, Eds., Example Book Title (Publisher, 2021).
[with editors rather than authors]

3. M. Author, T. Author, Example Book Title (Publisher, ed. 3, 2022).
[with edition number]

4. Organization Name, Example Book Title (Organization Name, 2021).
[organization as both author and publisher]

Book chapters

Examples

1. A. Author, Z. Author, "Optional: Example chapter title" in Example Book Title (Publisher, 2022), pp. 300–350.
[with chapter title]

2. T. D. Author, U. R. Author, in Example Book Title, F. Editor, Ed. (Publisher, 2021), pp. 37–71.
[with editor]

Books in series

If the book is part of a series, indicate the series title after the book title. The volume number is optional.

Examples

1. A. Author, B. Author, Example Book Title, vol. 5 of Example Series Title (Publisher, 2022).

Technical reports and monographs

Examples

1. G. B. Author, "Example report title" (Tech. Rep. ABCD-12-34, Publisher, 2022).
[with report number]

2. F. Author, "Example report title" (Publisher, 2020); URL.
[with URL]

3. "Example report title" (Tech. Rep. 83902, Publisher, 2021).
[no author]

Meetings, conferences, and proceedings

Examples

1. A. Author, X. Author, G. Author, in Proceedings of the 2019 Example Conference on Interesting Topic (Publisher, 2022), pp. 6645–6649.
[published]

2. A. Z. Author, "Example conference paper" in Proceedings of the 2021 Example Conference on Interesting Topic (Publisher, 2021), abstr. 875.
[published, paper title and abstract number provided]

3. M. Author, paper presented at the 25th Annual Meeting of Example Organization, Washington, DC, 10 to 13 October 2022.
[unpublished]

Theses

Name the university but not the degree. Name the city if the university could be mistaken for another. It is optional to include the thesis title.

Examples

1. B. Author, thesis, Example University (2021).
[no title]

2. R. Author, "Example title on an interesting topic," thesis, Example University, Washington, DC (2020).
[with title and city]

Preprints

Examples

1. J. V. Author, E. Author, D. F. Author, Example preprint title. arXiv:1111.12345 [category] (2021).
[arXiv]

2. D. Z. Author, K. Author, U. Author, M. R. Author, Example preprint title. bioRxiv 0123456 [Preprint] (2020). https://doi.org/10.1101/0123456.
[bioRxiv]

Datasets

List the version number, if applicable. Provide a DOI or other persistent identifier (preferably in URL format).

Example

1. D. Author, Example dataset title, version 1, Example Repository Name (2021); https://doi.org/10.12345/ABC1234567.

Software

Example

1. A. Author, B. Author, Example software title, version 2, Example Repository Name (2022); https://doi.org/10.12345/ABC000999.

Journal of Scientific and Technological Innovation (JSTI)
投稿格式規範 v1.0